Laser Eye Surgery: Understanding the Main Methods

Laser eye surgeries can be performed using various methods. Before proceeding, it is crucial to conduct thorough research and seek professional diagnosis from an ophthalmologist to determine the most suitable method for you. We have compiled some common methods for initial acquaintance.

IntraLase

This method is an advancement of the previously popular LASIK method. IntraLase involves reshaping the cornea surface. During the surgery, a thin layer of the cornea is lifted and reshaped using advanced laser devices. These devices identify the eye to ensure the procedure is performed on the correct eye and adapt to any eye movements during the surgery. The innovation of this method over LASIK is that it is entirely laser-based, without any surgical blade use, reducing surgery risks, enhancing precision, and minimizing recovery side effects. In fact, recovery is swift.

PRK

This method suits some patients but has many drawbacks. In this technique, the epithelium—the outer layer of the cornea—is removed, and the cornea is then reshaped using a laser. The procedure itself is simple, but recovery is prolonged. For 3-4 days, patients might experience eye pain (sometimes requiring pain relief), burning, and light sensitivity. Functional vision is achieved after about a week, and full sharp vision can take between two weeks to two months. Additionally, eye drops are needed for two months. Over time, vision regression may occur, necessitating another surgery.

ASA

This approach is similar to PRK but is entirely laser-based without the surgeon's hand contact. The results are more precise, with a somewhat shorter recovery time and less pain compared to PRK. Nevertheless, recovery is still longer compared to IntraLase, and eye drops are required for several months. Vision regression can also occur over time. Therefore, this method primarily suits those with a cornea structure unsuitable for IntraLase.

PresbyLASIK

Most laser surgeries address distance vision problems. But what about those with difficulty reading—near vision? This method assists them too. The surgery in this method creates a multifocal design on the cornea, aiding both distant and near vision. Though the correction for near vision isn't absolute, it helps remove reading glasses for 70% of patients. The procedure is similar to IntraLase, with rapid recovery.

Lens Implantation

About 30% of those evaluated for laser eye surgery are deemed unsuitable for it, for various reasons. Some of these individuals, unable to undergo standard laser surgery, can opt for a different procedure—implanting an intraocular lens. The lens is customized to the patient and assists in cases of extremely high myopia. The main advantage of this surgery is the ability to correct vision in those unsuitable for laser surgery. Recovery is quick, although preparatory arrangements are relatively lengthy, as a custom lens must be ordered before the procedure. Additionally, it is a reversible surgery, if necessary.

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