Tithes and Offerings on Shabbat

It often happens that family members invite us for Shabbat, and we don't know whether all the fruits were purchased from a place with certified supervision, or perhaps the fruits were bought in the market and there is doubt whether tithes and offerings were separated from them.

In such a case, if the family members won't be offended, one should tithe all the dishes and foods that will be eaten on Shabbat before Shabbat begins. However, if the family members would see this as an offense to their honor and the like, one can make a conditional declaration before Shabbat and on Shabbat day separate tithes and offerings discreetly. The main rules for separating tithes and offerings on Shabbat and the wording of the condition are as follows:

A. One does not separate tithes and offerings on Shabbat and holidays. However, our Sages established that if a person recites a conditional declaration before Shabbat and holidays, they can separate them even on Shabbat and holidays (and this declaration can be made once for all Shabbats of the year).

B. The conditional declaration is effective for definite untithed produce if it is in one's possession, and for doubtful untithed produce - even if it is not in one's possession.

This is the declaration one says before Shabbat and holidays:One-hundredth of what I will separate will be untithed. And more than one-hundredth that I will separate will be the great offering on the north side for everything. That one-hundredth I said would remain untithed along with the rest of the appropriate amount on the north side of the fruits will be the first tithe. That one-hundredth that I stipulated would be the first tithe will be the tithe offering for everything. And the second tithe will be on the south side of the fruits, and it and its fifth will be redeemed on a perutah and a quarter of the coin I designated for second tithe redemption. And if poor man's tithe is required, the poor man's tithe will be on the south side of the fruits:

C. By reciting the declaration before Shabbat, his words don't yet take effect. On Shabbat, before eating, he separates and recites the regular declaration, and for definite untithed produce, he recites a blessing before separating.

D. The offerings are considered muktzeh (forbidden to handle) on Shabbat and holidays, therefore one should place them in their location before separating. Nevertheless, even after separating, as long as the offering is in his hand, he can move it and place it wherever he wants. But after he has placed it down, it is forbidden to move it again as it is muktzeh.

E. If one forgot to separate tithes and offerings before Shabbat, and the sun has set, but it is still during twilight - 13.5 minutes after sunset - if it is for the honor of Shabbat or for the purpose of a mitzvah - it is permitted to separate tithes and offerings.

F. One who forgot to tithe before Shabbat and also did not make a conditional declaration before Shabbat, can transfer ownership of the fruits they want to fix to someone who did make a conditional declaration before Shabbat, and that person will tithe for them. Since he transferred the fruits to him, they are considered his, and this solution is effective even for definitely untithed produce. And if he cannot find someone who made a conditional declaration, there is no remedy for these fruits on Shabbat.

G. If he cannot bring the fruits to the person who made the conditional declaration, for whatever reason, the person who made the declaration does not need to go to the fruit owner's home. Rather, the fruit owner can transfer, through another adult of sound mind, the fruits to the person who made the declaration. Meanwhile, the person who made the declaration will appoint the fruit owner as his agent to separate tithes and offerings from his fruits, including these fruits, since he transferred ownership to him. And the fruit owner can separate tithes and offerings from the fruits he transferred to the person who made the declaration, as his agent.