Halacha: What Blessing Do We Say for a Plum?

On a plum, we say 'Ha'eitz' (first blessing)

At the end of the meal, we say 'Borei Nefashot' (last blessing)

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The amount of consumption required to be obligated in the last blessing (from "Daily Halacha" by the rulings of Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, of blessed memory):

For everything a person eats, they must say a "first blessing" on it, such as the blessing "Shehakol" or "Ha'eitz". Even if one only eats a small amount of the food, they are required to bless it, as long as they intend to eat it for consumption purposes. (However, if the purpose is merely to taste in order to adjust seasoning or the like, one does not bless this consumption at all). Therefore, someone who chews flavored chewing gum, even if they do not swallow much of it, must still bless for enjoying the flavor of the gum. Similarly, anyone who drinks something must bless it, even if they only drink a single drop of the beverage.

However, all this applies specifically to the first blessing, but a last blessing is only recited when one consumed an "important eating," which is the measure of a "kezayit," meaning twenty-seven grams, and in drinking, the measure is "revi'it," which is eighty-one grams.

Additionally, the eating or drinking must occur within a timeframe that allows the consumption to be considered joined. For if one eats the measure of "kezayit" of bread throughout an entire day, bit by bit, certainly, they cannot afterward bless Birkat HaMazon. Rather, the entire "kezayit" consumption must occur within the timeframe of "Achilat Pras," and there is a dispute among the poskim on the duration of this time, some say it is five minutes, and others say it is approximately seven and a half minutes (and there are other opinions on this matter). Therefore, it is advisable always to consume the "kezayit" measure (especially during Shabbat meals) within four and a half minutes to fulfill all opinions.

Regarding the last blessing on a drink, one must consume a revi'it of the beverage (which is the measure of eighty-one grams) all at once, because if someone pauses between sips, they do not recite the last blessing. Consequently, someone who drinks soup with a spoon does not bless a last blessing on that soup, as they have not consumed a revi'it measure all at once, and similarly, one who drinks hot coffee or tea does not bless a last blessing, because they cannot drink it all at once.