Who Designed the Laws of Nature?

There are essentially two scientific proofs of Hashem's existence: the fact that the universe had a beginning, implying a Creator, and the proof from the laws of nature that shape matter in the universe, indicating design.

This is not the same proof.

Creating matter out of nothing is not enough for a universe to exist. Beyond creating matter, there needs to be design in its laws.

Without the laws of nature, matter would remain in chaos, particles drifting in a dark void without any electrical or chemical interactions. Even after the universe was created, why should there be order and organization within it?

The creation of matter does not explain its behavior according to laws. Therefore, here is a second proof of Hashem's existence - the proof that He is also a legislator and planner, designing the precise laws to shape the universe into galaxies, stars, and planets.

It's important to understand that not every universe could support life. A universe without water or oxygen, for example, would likely not support life, especially complex, intelligent life.

Each law of nature works in harmony with other laws, according to uncovered mathematical equations, which contain numerical values determining their exact strength in shaping all materials in the universe.

Here are some highly complex scientific examples (those who struggle can skip them):

If the strong nuclear force were 2% weaker, protons wouldn't form from quarks. If it were 2% stronger, essential elements for life wouldn't be stable enough to exist.

If the electromagnetic force were weaker, molecules couldn't form (electrons wouldn't remain in their orbits), but if it were stronger, molecules also couldn't form (atomic orbitals wouldn't accommodate more than a single electron).

Slightly stronger gravity would create unstable stars (with 1.4 times the mass of our sun, burning too quickly), but if gravity were slightly weaker, only small stars would form (with less than 0.8 times the mass of our sun, insufficient for heavy elements needed for life).

If the weak nuclear force were stronger, planets wouldn't form (neutrinos would pass through the mantle, and heavy elements wouldn't be ejected into space), and if it were weaker, planets also wouldn't form (neutrinos couldn't break through the mantle to eject heavy elements).

If there were less mass in the universe, helium wouldn't be formed, and without it, heavy elements wouldn't be created. But if there were more mass, stars would burn intensely and quickly (due to an excess of deuterium, a catalyst for nuclear reactions).

Physicist and astronomer Martin Rees was first to write about the fine-tuning of the universe in his book "Cosmic Coincidences" (1989). This scientific topic is known as the "Fine Tuning of the Universe."

How do physicists relate to these facts?

Physicist Paul Davies notes, "There is a broad agreement among physicists and cosmologists that the universe is 'fine-tuned for life' in some respects. However, their conclusion isn't that the universe was designed for life, but rather, it's fine-tuned to create an environment life happened to need..."

[Paul Davies (2003). "How bio-friendly is the universe". Int. J. Astrobiol. 2 ,115].

It seems some will believe in coincidences, even if all scientific data suggests otherwise.

A recent scientific discovery poses an even greater challenge to the belief in coincidences: "Dark energy" is the term physicists gave to a mysterious force that fills most of our universe (about 68% of the universe's total mass-energy) and affects the expansion rate of space. This immense energy has far-reaching effects on the cosmological constant - without it, not a single galaxy could have formed in the entire universe!

Physicist Leonard Susskind said, "The great mystery isn't why dark energy exists, but why there's so little of it... the fact that the existence of reality hangs by a thread: if dark energy were greater, we wouldn't be here; that's the mystery" - if there were a little more dark energy, or if the value of the cosmological constant were even slightly higher, space would expand too quickly to allow galaxies.

[Leonard Susskind, Ananthaswamy, Anil. "Is the Universe Fine-Tuned for Life?"].

Even without delving into such complex examples, it's enough for the reader to know that the universe operates according to precise mathematical laws, not by chance. The design of the universe provides yet another scientific proof of the existence of a Creator.