Paper Straws: An Unexpected Environmental Concern

In recent years, paper straws have been marketed as a safe and environmentally friendly alternative. However, new research reveals that most tested straws contain harmful chemical compounds, predominantly found in paper or bamboo varieties.

"Straws made from plant-based materials, like paper and bamboo, are touted as more sustainable and eco-friendly compared to plastic ones," explained Dr. Timo Groffen, a study author and environmental scientist from the University of Antwerp. "Yet, the presence of PFAS in these straws indicates this may not be entirely true."

In a study published in Food Additives & Contaminants, Belgian researchers examined 39 straw brands made from five materials: paper, bamboo, glass, stainless steel, and plastic, to detect PFAS presence.

The PFAS group contains around 9,000 compounds used to make everyday products like clothing or kitchenware resistant to moisture, heat, water, and stains. However, these chemicals can be harmful to humans, wildlife, and the environment, as they degrade very slowly and can persist in the environment for thousands of years. Additionally, they are linked to several health issues.

Most tested brands contained PFAS, with various chemicals from this group detected. According to the study's findings, it is likely that paper straws contain PFAS since the chemicals were identified in 90% of the tested brands. PFAS chemicals were also identified in 80% of bamboo straw brands, 75% of plastic straw brands, and 40% of glass straw brands, with none detected in stainless steel straws.

The most common chemical was PFOA acid, used among other things for Teflon production, and banned worldwide since 2020. Additionally, straw samples contained trifluoroacetic acid and trifluoromethane sulfonic acid, PFAS which dissolve easily in water and may leach into beverages.

Dr. Timo Groffen noted that the presence of PFAS chemicals in paper and bamboo straws indicates they are not biodegradable, recyclable, or eco-friendly. Fortunately, the PFAS concentrations in straws were moderate, but the risk to human health increases with straw usage frequency. Nevertheless, PFAS compounds may remain in the body for many years, leading to accumulation over time.